What does the term 'airspeed' refer to?

The term 'airspeed' refers specifically to the speed of the aircraft relative to the surrounding air. This measurement is crucial for evaluating the performance of an aircraft during flight, as it directly impacts the lift generated by the wings, the aircraft’s control, and the overall aerodynamic efficiency. Understanding airspeed allows pilots and crew to make informed decisions about flight operations, including takeoff, landing, and maneuvers in various atmospheric conditions.

On a practical level, airspeed differs from ground speed, which measures how fast the aircraft is moving over the ground, as it accounts for wind effects. This distinction is significant because pilots must rely on airspeed to ensure safe flying conditions and maintain appropriate flight profiles, despite any influence that wind may have on the aircraft’s trajectory.