What are the five steps of CPR?

The five steps of CPR emphasized in this context include checking for the safety of the scene, assessing the patient's responsiveness, evaluating whether the patient is breathing, activating emergency medical services (EMS), and then performing CPR if necessary.

Beginning with ensuring that the scene is safe is crucial for the rescuer's safety. This mitigates the risk of additional harm. After confirming safety, checking for responsiveness allows the rescuer to determine if the person requires immediate assistance. If the individual is unresponsive, the next step is to assess whether they are breathing, as this informs the appropriate immediate actions.

If the person is not breathing or is breathing abnormally, activating EMS is vital to ensuring professional medical help is on the way while the rescuer begins CPR. This step is essential, as it initiates a response for advanced care. Once these initial checks are completed, and if needed, performing CPR is the critical step that can help maintain blood flow and oxygenation until emergency responders arrive.

This sequence highlights the importance of systematic assessment and action during cardiac emergencies, facilitating effective response and increasing the likelihood of survival for the victim.